Bit padding is a technique used in computer science and information theory to adjust the length of a binary representation to meet specific requirements. It involves adding extra bits to the end of a binary sequence to achieve a desired length or format. One common application of bit padding is in cryptographic algorithms and block ciphers. In these cases, data often needs to be a specific block size, and if the input is not long enough, padding is applied to fill the gap. The padding bits are then removed or processed accordingly during decryption or further computation.